Learn About Orb Weaver Spiders, Family Araneidae

When you think of a spider, you probably picture a big, round web with its resident spider poised in the center, waiting for a hapless fly to land in the webs sticky strands. With few exceptions, you would be thinking of an orb weaver spider of the family Araneidae. The orb weavers are one of the three largest spider groups. The Family Araneidae The family Araneidae is diverse; orb weavers vary in colors, sizes, and shapes. The webs of orb weavers consist of radial strands, like spokes of a wheel, and concentric circles. Most orb weavers build their webs vertically, attaching them to branches, stems, or manmade structures. Araneidae webs may be quite large, spanning several feet in width. All members of the family Araneidae possess eight similar eyes, arranged in two rows of four eyes each. Despite this, they have rather poor eyesight and rely on vibrations within the web to alert them to meals. Orb weavers have four to six spinnerets, from which they produce strands of silk. Many orb weavers are brightly colored and have hairy or spiny legs. Classification of Orb Weavers Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass – ArachnidaOrder – AraneaeFamily - Araneidae The Orb Weaver Diet Like all spiders, orb weavers are carnivores. They feed primarily on insects and other small organisms entrapped in their sticky webs. Some larger orb weavers may even consume hummingbirds or frogs they’ve successfully ensnared. The Orb Weaver Life Cycle Male orb weavers occupy most of their time with finding a mate. Most males are much smaller than females, and after mating may become her next meal. The female waits on or near her web, letting the males come to her. She lays eggs in clutches of several hundred, encased in a sac. In areas with cold winters, the female orb weaver will lay a large clutch in the fall and wrap it in thick silk. She will die when the first frost arrives, leaving her babies to hatch in the spring. Orb weavers live one to two years, on average. Special Orb Weaver Adaptations and Defenses The orb weavers web is a masterful creation, designed to ensnare meals efficiently. The spokes of the web are primarily non-sticky silk and serve as walkways for the spider to move about the web. The circular strands do the dirty work. Insects become stuck to these sticky threads on contact. Most orb weavers are nocturnal. During daylight hours, the spider may retreat to a nearby branch or leaf but will spin a trapline from the web. Any slight vibration of the web will travel down the trapline, alerting her to a potential catch. The orb weaver possesses venom, which she uses to immobilize her prey. When threatened by people or most anything larger than herself, an orb weavers first response is to flee. Rarely, if handled, will she bite; when she does, the bite is mild. Orb Weaver Range and Distribution Orb weaver spiders live throughout the world, with the exceptions of the Arctic and Antarctic regions. In North America, there are approximately 180 species of orb weavers. Worldwide, arachnologists describe over 3,500 species in the family Araneidae.

Mandarin Chinese Dialogue for Beginners

This lesson will introduce often used Mandarin Chinese vocabulary and show how it can be used in simple conversation. New vocabulary words include teacher, busy, very, also, and more. These terms can come in handy in school, whether you are addressing a teacher or telling your classmates your busy with homework. How? You will be able to read and hear example dialogue at the end of the lesson. Audio links are marked with ââ€" º to help with pronunciation and listening comprehension. Listen without reading the characters first to see if you can understand what is being said. Or, repeat after the audio link to see if your tones are correct. As a general note for beginners, it is important to make a habit of always using the proper tone when first learning Mandarin Chinese. The meaning of your words can change if you use the wrong tone. You have not learned a new word until you can pronounce it with its proper tone. New Vocabulary è€ Ã¥ ¸ « (traditional form)è€ Ã¥ ¸Ë† (simplified form)ââ€" ºlÇŽo shÄ «Teacher Ã¥ ¿â„¢ ââ€" ºmà ¡ngbusy Ã¥ ¾Ë† ââ€" ºhÄ›nvery å‘ ¢ ââ€" ºne​question particle ä ¹Å¸ ââ€" ºyě​also é‚ £ ââ€" ºnà  so; in that case Dialogue 1: Pinyin A: ââ€" ºLaoshi hÇŽo. Nà ­n mà ¡ng bà ¹ mà ¡ng?B: ââ€" ºHÄ›n mà ¡ng. NÇ  ne?A: ââ€" ºWÇ’ yÄ› hÄ›n mà ¡ng.B: ââ€" ºNa, yÄ « huÄ ­r jià  n le.A: ââ€" ºHuà ­ tà ³u jià  n. Dialogue 1: Traditional Form A: è€ Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¥ ¥ ½, æ‚ ¨Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ¿â„¢?B: Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¿â„¢. ä ½  Ã¥â€˜ ¢?A: 我ä ¹Å¸Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¿â„¢B: é‚ £,ä ¸â‚¬Ã¦Å"Æ'å…’è ¦â€¹Ã¤ ºâ€ A: 回é   ­Ã¨ ¦â€¹ Dialogue 1: Simplified Form A: è€ Ã¥ ¸Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½, æ‚ ¨Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ¿â„¢?B: Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¿â„¢. ä ½  Ã¥â€˜ ¢?A: 我ä ¹Å¸Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¿â„¢B: é‚ £,ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¥â€ž ¿Ã¨ § Ã¤ ºâ€ A: 回å ¤ ´Ã¨ §  Dialogue 1: English A: Hello teacher, are you busy?B: Very busy, and you?A: I am also very busy.B: In that case, I’ll see you later.A: See you later. Dialogue 2: Pinyin A: JÄ «ntiÄ n nÇ  yà  o zuà ² shà ©nme?B: LÇŽoshÄ « gÄ›i wÇ’ tà  i duÃ…  zuà ²yà ¨! WÇ’ jÄ «ntiÄ n hÄ›n mà ¡ng. NÇ  ne?A: WÇ’ yÄ›yÇ’u hÄ›nduÃ…  zuà ²yà ¨. Nà   wÇ’men yÄ «qÇ  zuà ² zuo yà ¨ ba. Dialogue 2: Traditional Form A: ä »Å Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¤ ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¥ Å¡Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã© º ¼B: è€ Ã¥ ¸ «Ã§ µ ¦Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ¥ ¤Å¡Ã¤ ½Å"æ ¥ ­Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ »Å Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ ½  Ã¥â€˜ ¢A: 我ä ¹Å¸Ã¦Å"‰å ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¤Å¡Ã¤ ½Å"æ ¥ ­Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ©â€š £Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥â‚¬â€˜Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¨ µ ·Ã¥ Å¡Ã¤ ½Å"æ ¥ ­Ã¥  §Ã£â‚¬â€š Dialogue 2: Simplified Form A: ä »Å Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¤ ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¥ Å¡Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¤ ¹Ë†B: è€ Ã¥ ¸Ë†Ã§ »â„¢Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ¥ ¤Å¡Ã¤ ½Å"ä ¸Å¡Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ »Å Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ ½  Ã¥â€˜ ¢A: 我ä ¹Å¸Ã¦Å"‰å ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¤Å¡Ã¤ ½Å"ä ¸Å¡Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ©â€š £Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ » ¬Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¨ µ ·Ã¥ Å¡Ã¤ ½Å"ä ¸Å¡Ã¥  §Ã£â‚¬â€š Dialogue 2: English A: What do you want to do today?B: The teacher gave me too much homework! I will be busy today. What about you?A: I also have a lot of homework. In that case, lets do homework together then.

Leadership Theories And Its Impact On The Leadership Process

Followership Leadership theories have been, throughout history, well covered and studied by researchers. The main characteristic of a leader is having followers, therefore, it is interesting to notice that the importance of followership has been undermined by academics (Uhl-Bien, Riggio, Lowe, Carsten, 2014). The followers’ behaviors affect the leaders’ behaviors, and vice versa, therefore it is beneficial to managers to understand followership theories. Followership is the study of the nature and impact of followers in the leadership process (Uhl-Bien et al.). It is interesting to notice that followership has a negative connotation in today’s society, as it is mistakenly considered as the simple ability to follow the directions of people in charge. The term â€Å"follower† is linked to a passive, weak, conforming, and negative image (insert Bjugstad, Thach, Thompson, Morris, 2006); therefore, individuals in organizations avoid being labeled as followers. In contrast, the term â€Å"leadership† has appeal and is linked to positive images which increase the motivations to be leaders instead of followers. However, individuals in organizations are very likely to play both roles (as he/she has both bosses and subordinates) so the ability to be effective followers is vital to the success of the organization. Qualities of Followers Robert Kelley (1988) identified four essential characteristics of positive followers: ïÆ'Ëœ Self-Management: Effective followers must be independent and haveShow MoreRelatedPrincipals Leadership Style Indirect Influence Studentssuccess1365 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper Does principal’s leadership style indirect influence students’ success in elementary schools? Introduction The leadership style of school’s principals in U.S. elementary schools plays an indirect role in the academic success of students when is implicit a transformational approach in the principal’s behavior. 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For your initial post for this discussion, compare two of these leadership models. Present your analysis of the similarities and differences of the models. Then, address how you could apply

Project Report for Business Decision Making- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theProject Report for Business Decision Making. Answer: Introduction: This report depict about a case in which various tools of excel has been analyzed to identify the total number of units which must be produced by the company to manage the functions and the performance of the company. Purpose of the report: This report has been prepared to analyze the case and make a better decision about the total production units. This report depicts the management of the company that how much units would offer them highest return and through which they could utilize the machine hours at their maximum. Further, this report also assists the management of the company to make better decision. Description of problem: In the given case, ABCD limited is the equipment manufacturing company which manufactures football and basketball. In the given report, the total machine hours available for the company has been given and according to that, company could manufacture the football and basketball. All other given information, such as labour hour, selling price etc has been given. In the given case, net profit of the company has been analyzed. Methodology: For analyzing the total production units of the company, excel spreadsheet has been used by the company. For solving the case, the machine hours of the company has been analyzed and further, it has been found that how much time it would take to the company to produce or manufacture the Basketball and Football (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). Through the analysis, it has been found that the 0.5 would be taken for manufacturing the basketball and 0.3 hour would be taken for manufacturing the football (David, 2011). Through the analysis, it has been found that if company would manufacture Basketball or Football, than the total machine hours of the company would be 21000 and thus the rest tile, machine would be idle. So, company is suggested to enhance the level of the Production of basketball and football (Gaughan, 2010). Further, it has been analyzed that the total machine hour would be 39500 hours if the production of basketball and football would be 55000 units and 40000 units. So, company is suggested to manage the level of the Production of basketball and football to 55000 units and 40000 units (Fitzsimmons, Fitzsimmons Bordoloi, 2008). Further, it has also been analyzed that it is quite required for the company to manage the production units according to the machine hours to enhance the level of the production as well as the profits. Through the analysis, it has been found that the total profit of the company would be enhanced when the total production of the company would be enhanced; the only fixed cost of the company is related to its machine hours (Dean Yunus, 2001). So, if the company would manufacture 55000 units of the basketball than the total profit of the company would be $ 3,56,000 and at the same time, if the company would manufacture 40,000 units of the football than the total profit of the company would be $ 2,28,960 (Best, 2009). Working Note: Though, the total machine hour would be 21000 and thus the rest tile, machine would be idle. So, company is suggested to enhance the level of the Production of basketball and football. Thus, the total machine hour would be 39500 hours if the production of basketball and football would be 55000 units and 40000 units. So, company is suggested to manage the level of the Production of basketball and football to 55000 units and 40000 units (Hill, 2008). Statement of profit Basketball Football Per unit 55000 units Per unit 40000 units Selling price $ 14 $ 7,70,000 11 Z440000 Less: Material Cost $ 2 $ 1,10,000 1.25 50000 Labour cost $ 3 $ 1,65,000 1.8 72000 Gross Profit $ 9 $ 4,95,000 $ 8 $ 3,18,000 Tax Cost $ 1,38,600 $ 89,040 Net Profit $ 3,56,400 $ 2,28,960 (Stevenson Hojati, 2007) Thus through this calculations, it has been analyzed that the company must produce 55000 units if basketball and 40000 units of football to enhance the production level as well as utilize the minimum resource at their maximum. Further, it also helps the company to enhance the level of the profit. Through the analysis, it has been found that, if the company would manufacture 55000 units of the basketball than the total profit of the company would be $ 3,56,000 and at the same time, if the company would manufacture 40,000 units of the football than the total profit of the company would be $ 2,28,960 (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). Findings: Through the analysis, it has been found that the company must make a decision about the production through considering the following points: Fixed cost of the company must be considered by the company before evaluating the total production units. Variable cost and contribution per units of cost sheet helps the company to analyze the production units which are quite required for the company to save itself from losses. Sales price of the company is the main figure to analyze the total profit (Applegate, Austin, McFarlan Applegate, 2007). Production unit must be set by the company after analyzing all the related factors, Through the reports, it has been analyzed that the company must produce 55000 units if basketball and 40000 units of football to enhance the production level as well as utilize the minimum resource at their maximum. Company must manufacture the 55000 units of basketball and 40000 units of football to enhance the profits (by Sara Carter Jones-Evans, 2009). Recommendation or conclusion: To conclude, through these calculations, it has been analyzed that the company must produce 55000 units if basketball and 40000 units of football to enhance the production level as well as utilize the minimum resource at their maximum. The main figures which make an impact over the total production units of the company are total machine hours of the company. This report has been expressed about the management of the company that how much units would offer them highest return and through which they could utilize the machine hours at their maximum. Further, this report also assists the management of the company to make better decision. Further, it also helps the company to enhance the level of the profit. Through the analysis, it has been found that, if the company would manufacture 55000 units of the basketball than the total profit of the company would be $ 3,56,000 and at the same time, if the company would manufacture 40,000 units of the football than the total profit of the company would be $ 2,28,960. Lastly, it is suggested to the company to enhance the production level, according to the total capacity and market demand of the products. The machine hours of the company depict about the total production units of the company. further, the production units affect over the total net profit of the company. References: Applegate, L. M., Austin, R. D., McFarlan, F. W., Applegate, L. M. (2007). Corporate information strategy and management: text and cases. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Best, R. J. (2009). Market-based management: Strategies for growing customer value and profitability. by Sara Carter, E., Jones-Evans, D. (2009). Enterprise and small business: Principles, practice and policy. Strategic Direction, 25(5). David, F. R. (2011). Strategic management: Concepts and cases. Peaeson/Prentice Hall. Dean, E. Yunus, K. (2001). An overview of strategic alliances. Management Decision, Vol. 39 Iss 3 pp. 205 218. Fitzsimmons, J. A., Fitzsimmons, M. J., Bordoloi, S. (2008). Service management: Operations, strategy, and information technology (p. 4). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Gaughan, PA (2010). Mergers, Acquisitions, and Corporate Restructurings. John Wiley Sons. Hill, C. (2008). International business: Competing in the global market place. Strategic Direction, 24(9). Stevenson, W. J., Hojati, M. (2007). Operations management (Vol. 8). Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2011). Concepts in strategic management and business policy. Pearson Education India. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017). Strategic management and business policy. pearson.